When Quality Indicators Undermine Quality: Bias in a Quality Indicator of Follow-Up for Alcohol Misuse
Supplemental Material
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This study was supported by the Substance Use Disorders Quality Enhancement Research Initiative SUB98-000 from VA Health Services Research and Development, by grant NIAAA R21 AA020894-01A1 from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, and by the Group Health Research Institute. Funders had no role in the conduct or reporting of research. Data were provided via a data use agreement with the VA OABI (formerly the VA Office of Quality and Performance), which had no role in design or analyses but reviewed the manuscript before submission to ensure accurate use and reporting of data.
Dr. Bradley owns stocks in four pharmaceutical companies, Abbvie, Johnson and Johnson, Pfizer, and Proctor and Gamble. The other authors report no competing interests.