This work was supported by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (RO1 HS0189960). Dr. Dusetzina receives funding through a Ruth L. Kirschstein-National Research Service Award (T32MH019733-17). Dr. Dorsey is supported by the Robert Wood Johnson Physician Faculty Scholars Program. Dr. Huskamp is supported by a Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Investigator Award in Health Policy Research. The funding sources had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, or interpretation of the data; and preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript for publication. The study is based in part on data obtained under license from IMS Health, Inc. (National Disease and Therapeutic Index, 2004–2010). The statements, findings, conclusions, views, and opinions contained and expressed herein are not necessarily those of IMS Health, Inc., or any of its affiliated or subsidiary entities.
Ms. Kornfield and Dr. Alexander are consultants for IMS Health, Inc. Dr. Dorsey has received research support from Prana Biotechnology, Lundbeck, and Google. He is a consultant for Lundbeck and Medtronic and has stock options in ConsultingMD. The other authors report no competing interests.